Haiti quake death toll questioned

PORT-AU-PRINCE, Haiti – Far fewer people died or were left homeless by last year’s devastating earthquake than claimed by Haitian leaders, a report commissioned by the U.S. government has concluded – challenging a central premise behind a multibillion-dollar aid and reconstruction effort.

The report, a copy of which was obtained Monday by the Associated Press, estimates that the death toll was between 46,000 and 85,000, far below the Haitian government’s official figure of 316,000. The report was prepared for the U.S. Agency for International Development but has not yet been publicly released.

The report has inconsistencies, however, and won’t be released publicly until they are resolved, U.S. State Department spokeswoman Preeti Shah told the AP.

“The first draft of the report contained internal inconsistencies with its own findings,” Shah said. “We are reviewing these inconsistencies … to ensure information we release is accurate.”

Shah would not elaborate or say whether the report could change significantly once the inconsistencies are resolved.

Haitian government officials said they had not seen the report and could not discuss it, but stood by the figures they released last year.

Based on a statistical sampling from a hard-hit section of Port-au-Prince, the report also estimates that about 895,000 people moved into temporary settlement camps around the capital after the quake and that no more than 375,000 of those are still living under tarps and in tents and wooden shanties.

Those figures conflict with numbers provided by the U.N. International Organization for Migration, which says the camp population reached 1.5 million after the quake and that there are still 680,000 in settlement camps around the capital.

The report also says there was less rubble than previously estimated. Immediately after the earthquake, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers reported about 26 million cubic yards of debris, enough to fill the Louisiana Superdome five times. But the study concluded that the total is less than half that amount.

The discrepancies are more than academic: The huge death toll and widespread destruction helped justify an international outpouring of aid for the impoverished Caribbean country, including $5.5 billion pledged during a March 2010 U.N. donors conference.

Many people questioned the Haitian government’s death toll in the days after the quake. The officials released precise figures even as thousands of bodies were scooped up and dumped in mass graves in what seemed a haphazard fashion. Many more were left to decay in collapsed buildings. The government never publicly revealed its methodology for arriving at its statistics.

USAID commissioned the report to get a more accurate picture of the amount of rubble to be cleared and housing that needed to be built or repaired.