U.S., allies plan shift in Afghan mission

BRUSSELS – The U.S. and its military allies in Afghanistan intend to hand the lead combat role to Afghan forces next year, according to Defense Secretary Leon Panetta, shifting to a training and advising mission as they press ahead with their withdrawal after more than a decade of fighting.

By announcing a specific timetable, U.S. officials are hoping to head off a push by allies to pull out their forces more quickly. Public support for the war is falling in many countries, and with their economies struggling, governments are under pressure to trim their defense budgets.

The top commander in Afghanistan, U.S. Marine Corps Gen. John Allen, said in December that he was planning such a shift, but Panetta’s comment Wednesday on his way to a NATO meeting in Brussels marked the first time a senior U.S. official had provided a timetable.

The shift to an advisory mission in Afghanistan is similar to the approach used in Iraq, where U.S. troops pulled out of major cities and focused on training Iraqi troops more than a year before leaving for good.

An emphasis on training could keep more troops on bases and help reduce U.S. casualties. The advisory effort would put small teams of U.S. troops with Afghan units to help them plan operations and to call in air support and artillery fire if needed.

It remains unclear how capable the Afghan army and police, which are plagued by corruption, operational and personnel problems, will be to assume the main responsibility for fighting the Taliban and other insurgents.

Panetta said U.S. combat troops would remain until the end of 2014, as previously announced, but mainly in a support role.

“Our goal is to complete all of that transition in 2013, and hopefully by mid- to the latter part of 2013, we’ll be able to make a transition from a combat role to a training, advise and assist role,” Panetta told reporters traveling on his plane.

The U.S. is already in the midst of a drawdown of its force in Afghanistan, which peaked at about 100,000 troops before a first contingent of 10,000 left last year. The number is to fall to 68,000 by autumn, but Panetta said President Barack Obama had not yet decided how many U.S. troops would remain in Afghanistan in 2013 and 2014.

Afghan forces already have assumed control in Kabul, the capital, and some other areas, but those were already largely peaceful. The U.S. and its allies retain military responsibility for the most violent parts of the country.

Last week, French President Nicolas Sarkozy said his country intended to remove all its combat troops next year instead of keeping to the previous timetable and remaining until the end of 2014.

Sarkozy, who is facing a tough re-election campaign this spring, said he would urge the rest of the alliance to speed up withdrawal as well.

The French president made his announcement after an Afghan soldier turned on his allies Jan. 19, killing four French troops and wounding more than a dozen.

Sarkozy’s announcement caught U.S. officials by surprise and introduced an element of uncertainty to what were expected to be low-key meetings of defense ministers at NATO headquarters. A senior defense official said the U.S. was still trying to understand Sarkozy’s proposal but implied that there may not be as much disagreement as it appears between the U.S. and French positions.

Though the formal NATO timetable calls for some U.S. combat troops to remain until the end of 2014, the White House has made it clear it intends to continue bringing the U.S. troop numbers down steadily over the next three years and to put Afghan forces in the lead as much as possible.

Violence is down in many areas of the nation, but a recent U.S. intelligence estimate concluded that the war is stalemated and that the Taliban has not abandoned its goal of retaking control of the country.

In addition to military moves, the Obama administration is seeking to start peace talks between the Taliban and the Afghan government. U.S. officials acknowledge that effort is still in its infancy.

According to a report by NATO forces, captured fighters express confidence that the Taliban will eventually rule Afghanistan again. A NATO spokesman said the report reflected the views of committed insurgents speaking defiantly to their captors, not those of military analysts.