World Trade Center may not be America’s tallest building; ruling to come

CHICAGO – Rising from the ashes of 9/11, the new World Trade Center tower has punched above the New York skyline to reach its powerfully symbolic height of 1,776 feet and become the tallest building in the country. Or has it?

A committee of architects recognized as the arbiters on world building heights met Friday to decide whether a design change affecting the skyscraper’s 408-foot needle disqualifies it from being counted. Disqualification would deny the tower the title as the nation’s tallest.

But there is more than bragging rights at stake; 1 World Trade Center stands as a monument to those killed in the terrorist attacks, and the ruling could dim the echo of America’s founding year in the structure’s height. Without the needle, the building measures 1,368 feet, a number that also holds symbolic weight as the height of the original World Trade Center.

What’s more, the decision is being made by an organization based in Chicago, whose cultural and architectural history is embodied by the Willis – formerly Sears – Tower that would be knocked into second place by a vote in favor of the New York structure.

“Most of the time, these decisions are not so controversial,” said Daniel Safarik, an architect and spokesman for the nonprofit Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. The 30 members of its Height Committee are meeting to render a judgment behind closed doors in Chicago, where the world’s first skyscraper appeared in 1884.

The committee, comprising industry professionals from all over the world, will announce its decision next week.

The question over 1 World Trade Center, which remains under construction and is expected to open next year, arose because of a change to the design of its tower-topping needle. Under the council’s current criteria, spires that are an integral part of a building’s aesthetic design count; broadcast antennas that can be added and removed do not.

The designers of 1 World Trade Center had intended to enclose the mast’s communications gear in decorative cladding made of fiberglass and steel. But the developer removed that exterior shell from the design, saying it would be impossible to properly maintain or repair.

Without it, the question is whether the mast is now primarily just a broadcast antenna.

According to the architecture firm behind the building, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill LLP, the needle will have a communications platform for radio and television equipment, but it will also be topped with an LED beacon that will fire out a horizontal blaze of light visible from up to 50 miles away on a clear night – a feature that has been described as a crowning beacon of hope.

The developers tested the lights Friday night, and hundreds of red, white and blue LED modules illuminated lower Manhattan.

Safarik said the committee could consider amending its height criteria – a move with much broader implications that could force a reshuffle in the rankings of the tallest buildings in the world.

If the matter weren’t so steeped in emotion it might have set off some of the good-natured ribbing emblematic of the history of one-upmanship between New York and Chicago. But 1 World Trade Center is a monument to American resilience admired well beyond Manhattan.

“We take our hats off to them out here in Chicago and the Midwest,” said Robert Wislow, chairman and chief executive of U.S. Equities, the firm that manages the Willis Tower. “And we welcome the building to the elite club of the tallest buildings in the world. Nobody’s looking at this like a competition.”