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Spokane, Washington  Est. May 19, 1883

Court sides with ex-guard in discrimination lawsuit

Case can proceed against religious hospital for firing

Gene Johnson Associated Press

SEATTLE – Nonprofit religious institutions in Washington can be sued for job discrimination if an employee’s work was unrelated to religion, the state Supreme Court said Thursday in a divided opinion aimed at making sure the organizations don’t get a free pass on firing people for reasons of race, disability or sexual orientation.

The state’s anti-discrimination law prevents such actions by companies with at least eight workers but provides an exemption for nonprofit religious institutions. The law is intended to ensure that the state does not intrude on the free exercise of religion by those bodies.

But the case of Larry Ockletree, a 59-year-old African-American, raised questions about whether that exemption is too broad. In 2010, he suffered a stroke while working as an unarmed security guard at the front desk of St. Joseph’s Medical Center in Tacoma. He lost some ability to move his left arm after the episode, and the hospital, owned by Franciscan Health System, fired him.

Ockletree claimed he could still do the work, which mostly consisted of checking name tags, and he sued, saying he was illegally fired because of his race and his disability.

His lawsuit landed in U.S. District Court in Tacoma, where Judge Ronald Leighton expressed serious concerns about the constitutionality of Washington’s Law Against Discrimination. At one hearing, he said it didn’t make sense that Ockletree would have been allowed to sue under the state law if he had been a security guard working for a for-profit company but not if he was working for a religious nonprofit.

“Can the Franciscans, or other religious organizations not for profit, discriminate against anyone on any basis, freely with impunity?” he asked at one hearing.

Leighton ultimately asked the state Supreme Court to answer two questions about the law’s validity under the state constitution. On Thursday, the court responded, with four justices saying the exemption was valid, four saying it wasn’t and one saying it depends.

The one – Justice Charles Wiggins – wrote the deciding opinion, holding that the law isn’t on its face unconstitutional, but it can be unconstitutional when applied to someone like Ockletree, whose job had nothing to do with the institution’s religious practices.

“When the exemption is applied to a person whose job qualifications and responsibilities are unrelated to religion, there is no reasonable ground for distinguishing between a religious organization and a purely secular organization,” he wrote.

The outcome means Ockletree’s case will proceed in federal court.

“This is a tough case,” said one of his lawyers, James Walter Beck. “The court was tasked with walking a tightrope between the free exercise of religion and any ruling that would serve as an endorsement of religion” – with the latter prohibited by the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.