The cost of a long-distance move is a formula based on the miles to be traveled and the weight of the goods, plus the cost of packing and special services surcharges.

De-clutter your home before making the first call to a moving company. Consider whether to move or sell items of questionable value. Sell those items at a garage sale to put money in your pocket and keep them out of the moving van.

Get estimates from a minimum of three moving companies.

There are three types of estimates:

• Non-Binding — The movers will give their best estimate of the costs, but you could be required to pay up to 110 percent of that estimate if the shipment is overweight.

• Binding — Both you and the mover agree to the price, whether the shipment comes in over or under the estimated weight.

• Not-to-Exceed — This estimate guarantees that you’ll pay the lower of either the binding estimate or the actual cost.

• Ask the estimator for ideas on reducing expenses and avoiding surcharges. Is it cheaper to move or to replace older appliances, riding mowers and snowmobiles?

• Ask if there is an additional discount (there should be) for allowing the company to temporarily store your belongings until they can be combined on a truck for a more cost-effective trip.

• Handle surcharge items yourself: Disconnect the washer and block the tub, dismantle stereo components and take down ceiling fans.

• Do your own packing. Used boxes, crumpled newspaper and tape can go a long way toward saving money. If you purchase boxes, hunt for the best deals. For books, compare the cost of having them moved versus mailing them to yourself book rate.

• Be flexible in your moving date. If you can wait until things slow down in the middle of September, you could save up to 15 percent of your costs.

• Insist on an inventory of the goods to be shipped. This will ensure that the condition of your belongings is noted before shipment, in the event you have a damage claim.

In summary: Do your homework in advance of a move to save the most money. For more information, call the American Moving and Storage Association at 1-703-683-7410 or go online to https://www.moving.org/.