Facts about Guatemala

Background: The Mayan civilization flourished in Guatemala and surrounding regions during the first millennium. After almost three centuries as a Spanish colony, Guatemala won its independence in 1821. During the second half of the 20th century, it experienced a variety of military and civilian governments as well as a 36-year guerrilla war. In 1996, the government signed a peace agreement formally ending the conflict.

Population: 14,655,189 (July 2005 estimate)

Location: Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Mexico, and bordering the Gulf of Honduras (Caribbean Sea) between Honduras and Belize.

Climate: Tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands.

Terrain: Mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau.

Natural resources: Petroleum, nickel, rare woods, fish, chicle, hydropower.

Religions: Roman Catholic, Protestant, indigenous Mayan beliefs

Languages: Spanish 60%, Amerindian languages 40% (23 officially recognized Amerindian languages, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi, Mam, Garifuna and Xinca)

Source: U.S. Central Intelligence Agency