Study hints at treatment for meth addiction

A common antidepressant, bupropion, can reduce the craving for methamphetamine, providing the possibility of a drug treatment for the powerfully addictive stimulant, according to a study to be published today.

Dr. Thomas F. Newton, a psychiatrist at the University of California, Los Angeles, who led the study, found that subjects who were given bupropion reported a lesser high after treatment as well as a less-intense craving after watching a video of actors favorably portraying meth use.

Although the four-week study involved only 20 patients, its results were encouraging because there is no available drug treatment for methamphetamine addiction.

Bupropion, sold under the trade name Wellbutrin, has long been used as an antidepressant and treatment to stop smoking.

The “study is provocative and potentially promising,” said Dr. Eric Collins, a psychiatry professor and drug expert at Columbia University who was not involved in the research.

A related study, involving 120 patients, will be presented next month at a National Institute for Drug Abuse conference in Hawaii, said that study’s lead author, UCLA psychiatry professor Richard A. Rawson.

“The new and larger trial … may be the real test of the treatment,” Collins said.

Most addicts are now treated with counseling, and recovery rates are low – about 20 percent, experts say.

The drug, which is crafted from easily accessible cold medicines such as ephedrine and pseudoephedrine, increases sexual arousal and reduces inhibitions, often leading to risky sexual behavior.

Nearly one in three gay and bisexual men who tested positive for HIV at a major Los Angeles clinic in 2004 acknowledged using meth, almost triple the rate three years earlier, according to officials at the L.A. Gay and Lesbian Center.

Newton speculated that the antidepressant worked by limiting the ability of brain cells to absorb dopamine, one of the key neurotransmitters that meth releases.

Collins, however, cautioned that “dopamine, is a lot more complicated than other brain chemicals.”

“You can’t mess with it without affecting other parts of the brain,” he said.

The bupropion study was published in the journal Neuropsychopharmacology.