Resistant strain of HIV diagnosed in four gay men

SEATTLE – A hard-to-treat strain of the virus that causes AIDS has been found in four gay men in King County, and authorities fear it could spread to more.

There is no evidence that the troublesome strain of HIV is spreading rapidly, but its appearance underscores the need for renewed emphasis on safe sex practices, officials in the Seattle-King County public health department said Thursday.

“There may be more cases we don’t know about,” said Dr. Bob Wood, the agency’s HIV-AIDS program director.

“We are still working to learn more about these individuals and the virus they have contracted,” said Dorothy F. Teeter, interim director of the department.

The same genetic strain of HIV was found over a 15-month period in all four men, methamphetamine users who each had multiple partners, but none is known to have had sex with any of the other three, officials said.

“That’s highly unusual,” said Dr. Peter Shalit, who treats HIV-AIDS patients and directs HIV-AIDS research at Swedish Medical Center.

One possibility is that there is a new strain of multidrug-resistant HIV that is spread more easily than previous drug-resistant strains, “definitely a scary prospect,” Shalit said.

“There’s no evidence that this has spread outside of King County,” said Dr. Patrick Sullivan, chief of the behavioral and clinical surveillance branch at the Atlanta-based Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

But the center also hasn’t compared this strain with ones outside of King County because the center studies disease from a population, not an individual, perspective, he said Friday in a telephone interview.

One man in New York, diagnosed with HIV in December 2004, was found to have a multidrug-resistant type of HIV and he too had multiple, anonymous sexual partners, a history of methamphetamine use and had sex with men, according to the CDC.

Nationally, 2 percent to 3 percent of the HIV strains that people are infected with may be resistant to two to three classes of drugs, Sullivan said.

While at least 100 King County residents die of AIDS annually, there is evidence of declining condom use and other safe-sex practices among gay drug users especially, said Wood, who is gay and has medically managed his own HIV infection for more than 20 years.

“There’s a lot of complacency,” he said. “People need to know that some of these new infections may be impossible to treat.”

Seattle was among the first metropolitan areas in the country to begin a surveillance program for multidrug-resistant HIV in 2003.

Before Thursday, health officials had identified 12 cases of multidrug-resistant HIV in the county, none as resistant to anti-viral drugs as the most recent four.