Restore rather than replace

We often rush into replacing windows when the ones we have can be made more energy-efficient through proper maintenance.

If all parts work properly and your windows open and close easily in all kinds of weather, they’re probably in good shape, but regular upkeep will keep them at optimal efficiency.

•The sash is made up of rails, the pieces of wood that surround the glass panes. These are held together by mortise-and-tenon joints made very tight, which prevents the seams from being seen. But the joints can weaken because the bottom sashes sit on the windowsill with the end grains exposed.

•To repaint and/or repair windows, remove them from the frame, which also allows you to replace sash cords that can fray and make windows loose in the frame.

To remove the sash, remove the inside stop, the strip of wood that holds the sash in place. Use a putty-knife blade to slowly pry the stop at several points, so you won’t split the stop. The sash will remain connected to the cords; when you remove those cords, use small nails to hold them to the sides of the frame or they will slip behind jambs.

Removing the upper sash requires removal of the parting stop, the strip of wood behind the sash that runs the length of the window frame. Do the same to remove the inside stop. Access to the weights and sash cords in the channel behind the window jamb is gained through a piece of wood at the bottom of the jamb typically held with a nail. Replace old rope sash cord with nylon cord or chain.

While sashes are out, strip the old paint. Strip the glazing and the glazing points, and lift the glass out.

To replace the pane, place it in the channel cut for it in the sash, replace the glazing points, take some putty and fit it in around the glass.