Foreign adoptions by Americans fall to 15-year low

NEW YORK – The number of foreign children adopted by Americans fell by 13 percent last year, reaching the lowest level since 1995, due in large part to a virtual halt to adoptions from Guatemala because of corruption problems.

China remained America’s No. 1 source of adopted children, accounting for 3,401, according to figures released by the State Department on Monday for the 2010 fiscal year. Ethiopia was second, at 2,513, followed by Russia at 1,082 and South Korea at 863.

Guatemala was the No. 1 source country in 2008, with 4,123 adoptions by Americans. But the number sank to 756 for 2009 and to only 51 last year as the Central American country’s fraud-riddled adoption industry was shut down while authorities drafted reforms.

The overall figures for 2010 showed 11,059 adoptions from abroad, down from 12,753 in 2009 and down more than 50 percent from the all-time peak of 22,884 in 2004.

The last time there were fewer foreign adoptions to the U.S. was in 1995, when there were 9,679.

The latest figures did not include the more than 1,100 children airlifted from Haiti to the United States after the earthquake in January 2010.

Organizations representing U.S. adoption agencies have called on the U.S. government to be more active in trying to reverse the decline in international adoptions. However, the State Department says any such efforts must be accompanied by initiatives to provide better options for orphans in their home countries, including support for birth parents and foster care.

The State Department also reported that 43 American children were adopted by residents of foreign countries last year – 19 went to Canada and 18 to the Netherlands.